Egypt
Over 85% of the people living in Egypt are Muslims. The Christian population has been estimated to be between 6% and 14%. Cairo is currently considered to be the hub of Sunni Islamic publications and scholarship.

In Egypt, Christians are persecuted by radical Islamic groups and at times by local police and other security officials. Although the constitution provides for religious freedom, Islam is the state religion of Egypt and the government frequently discriminates against Christians, impeding their freedom to worship. Nearly all elected officials are Muslim, and they often place restrictions against repairing or building churches. All Egyptian citizens must list their religion on their identity cards, presented whenever they apply for employment. Christians are often turned away from employment because of religion. In addition, the government owns all television programming, which is pro-Islamic and anti-Christian.

Within Egypt are several fundamentalist Muslim groups, including the Supreme Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood, Al-Gamaa Islamiya, and Jihad. These groups are known to commit severe acts of violence against Christians.