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IRAQ: FORCED TO RUN
Religious 'Cleansing'

The dentist Shamir* stared at the letter in his hands. It said that he was impure because he was not a Muslim. It said he should leave the country immediately or face the consequences, and if he and his family hadn't left their house within eight hours, they would die. Rage and fear were struggling in his body. Leave the house where his family lived for three generations! He had lived in Dora his whole life. It was the Christian district of Baghdad. Who did those guys think they were?

He remembered the story of one of his neighbors. They had not fled when the first letter appeared. After a few days, armed men came in and killed their dog. His neighbors left their house the same day. Within a few hours a Muslim family moved into the house.

Shamir picked up the DVD that was enclosed in the envelope and began watching it. The DVD started with some verses from the Quran. Then he saw a young man sitting on his knees. The man was interrogated by an armed man wearing balaclavas (a form of headgear covering the whole head, exposing only the face or upper part of it, and sometimes only the eyes). The young man said he was a Christian. He lived and worked in Baghdad. Then the men explained to him that he was going to die.

Shamir had not heard his wife coming in. "What are you watching, Shamir?" she asked, but her question went unanswered as he was overcome with vomiting. Before their eyes the young man was beheaded. Ahmad was sick too. "We have to flee," he whispered. "Pack only what is really necessary."

Within six hours the car was packed, and Shamir drove like a madman. Where to go, Syria or Jordan? Would he be allowed to go there? He was not sure. He decided to drive to the north, to Kurdistan, where he heard it was safe.

A few weeks later he was sitting in a small tract home in Kurdistan. He and his neighbor, a former teacher, tried to catch a goat and milk it, but neither one had any experience with these animals. Shamir was dirty, sweating and above all, frustrated. How could he ever make a living in this place? His children were hangning around in the shadow of the house. They couldn't go to school because they did not speak Kurdish. Shamir sighted. What would the future bring for him and his children?

He was grateful for the small house. Of course every luxury was missing, but they were tolerated and allwed to stay. Shamir frowned as he thought about when winter would come and this little house had no heating system. Winters tend to be tough in these mountains.

Shamir's story is one of thousands. He and his family are Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). Every day 3,000 refugess fless to North Iraq. Forty percent of them are Christians. Dora, in Baghdad, traditionally was a Christian area. Now it has been "religiously cleansed" of most Assyrian Chrsitians.

*For security reasons names, facts and numbers in this article are changed.

Iraq
Over 95% of the people living in Iraq are Muslims. The Christian population has been estimated to be 1.5% of the 29 million population.

Monarchy overthrown in a violent revolution in 1958. The Baathist military regime, with its secularist pan-Arab socialism, became a repressive dictatorship under Saddam Hussein. A massive military machine was built with the connivance of other Arab oil countries (and Western powers greedy for petrodollars). It was used to protect the dictatorship. repress the Kurds and Shi'a, launch a war against Iran (1980-88) and invade Kuwait in 1990. Although evicted from Kuwait and suffering heavy damage in the 1991 Gulf War, Iraq was not totally defeated. Sophisticated propaganda, ruthless suppression of dissent and cunning evasion of UN sanctions have enabled the regime to survive despite its isolation and the military 'no-fly' zones in both the north and south maintained by the USA and UK.

Pan-Arab socialism rather than Islam is the ideology of the Baathist regime. Religious minorities were favored by Saddam Hussein if they demonstrated political loyalty. Christians have had increasing freedom for worship and witness since 1968, but still suffer from discrimination.

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